Body Integration: Trudi Schoop / Rhythm Drumming

 

I

 Check In

 Ice Breaker

 The ADHD Doctor: “I’ve Scanned 250,000 Brains” You (Steven Bartlett) Have ADHD!!! Dr Daniel Amen

https://youtu.be/ycTZ_t-aiuU?si=ThPa14kGDkzsyLxF

What makes the brain worse?

(21:00-29:00)

Question 1

According to Dr. Amen, what makes the brain worse?

II 

 Unit: Body Integration

Theme: Trudi Schoop / Rhythm Drumming

 

Introduction

Rhythm can be defined as a strong, regular, repeated pattern of movement or sound. Drumming is defined as a continuous rhythmic sound. Thus, rhythm and drumming put together could be described as a strong continuous rhythmic sound with a repeated pattern of movement or sound. Trudi Schoop idea of using rhythm and drumming with people with schizophrenia helped clients to develop a sense of body limits. As clients experience cathexis, their sense of body parts becomes satisfactory. The rhythm and the drumming help clients to be aware of their body parts.

 

III

Learning Objectives

• Understand the importance of observation when working with clients.

• Explain the use of body-ego technique in the treatment of patients with schizophrenia

• Gain an awareness of the importance of rhythm in Schoop's body-ego approach 

• Experience the hypothetical application of rhythm drumming on clients who have schizophrenia 

   

  IV
  

  Main Lesson 

   

   1

  

2

Body Cathexis

Cathexis: In psychoanalysis, cathexis (or emotional investment) is defined as the process of allocation of mental or emotional energy to a person, object, or idea.

Body Cathexis is defined as the degree of satisfaction or dissatisfaction one feels towards various parts and aspects of one's own body. This evaluative dimension of body image is dependent on a person's investment of mental and emotional energy in body size, parts, shape, processes, and functions, and is integral to one's sense of self-concept. 

First recognized by Jourard and Secord, body cathexis is assessed by examining correlations between measures of self-concept or esteem and bodily attitudes. An individual's evaluation of their own body tends to drive various behaviors, including clothing choices and weight management, and the existence of a universal ideal for certain dimensions of body type is, in many cases, a source of anxiety and insecurity.

Question 2

 How is the body-ego technique useful in the treatment of patients with schizophrenia?

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 3

 

Trudi Schoop: Rhythm Drumming

 

Trudi’s use of rhythm and music was one of her most important interventions in the field. She believed that with the use of rhythm one could create a more flexible acceptance of more difficult life situations. There is rhythm in everything, and Schoop worked to emphasize that by bringing to light the rhythm in everyday activities. (Levy, 2005) 

"When the beat is firmly established, I can ask them to move their body parts to it. The fact that they are interpreting their own rhythms, not mine, makes them enjoy the performance much more" (Schoop & Mitchel, 1974, p. 199). (Levy, 2005, p. 82)

 

Question 3

 

Why was rhythm important in Schoop's therapeutic approach? 

 

 

4

 

Journal Article (Paragraph 4)

Body Image and Body Experience Disturbances in Schizophrenia: an Attempt to Introduce the Concept of Body Self as a Conceptual Framework

 

Question 4

 

What is body-self?

 

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V 

 

 A Note to Remember

 

 The rhythm drumming exercise allows clients with schizophrenia to use different body parts and subsequently develop a better sense of body limits. Recent studies describe the client's experience as a "dysfunction of perception (e.g., sensory information processing)." For instance body size perception due to tactile stimuli when dealing with schizophrenic patients reveal that they underestimated the size of their legs (Sakson-Obada, 2016).

 

VI

Case Study

 

Catatonic Schizophrenia

https://youtu.be/gYwGmWWxY48?si=LxtVwoNCvQDkXpf0 

 

 https://youtu.be/IehtMYlOuIk?si=4bBK43OPxetzTuhl

 

Simple Schizophrenia

Other Interviews

https://youtu.be/G6aE5iAronQ?si=_fm2dSlwsATDHlFj 

https://youtu.be/FUIn-ZLdtkk?si=Zd4jE6f5bhmg51fE 

 https://youtu.be/FUIn-ZLdtkk?si=u7sZQFkUd_6UCoZW

(0:00 -6:22)

 Schizophrenic Episode on Camera

https://youtu.be/2buin-gMZG8?si=VzIT9AlZvG96gYym 

 

Question 5

Write your main observations about the patients' behaviors?

Activitie 1

 

1

 

Isolation Warm Up 

 

neck

shoulders

arms

 forearms

wrists

fingers

torso (contractions and extensions) 

solar plexus

hips

weight change

legs

2

Moving within the Kinesphere

 

Expansive movement

moving towards the corners of the cube

Different directions

different levels

 

3

Moving through the General Space

 

Moving through the room 

Filling in the empty spaces

Using all body parts

Different directions

Different levels 

Add music

 

African Drum Dance of the Soul

https://youtu.be/bIfLC5iudQ0?si=W6qlb6hSHNRGahg- 

African Drums-African Percussion

https://youtu.be/FOY9fLm3eYI?si=NLPPLFwGxbP82IU6

4

Dyads

eye contact

reflecting partners movement

Attuning to each other

 

 

5

Groups of 4

Looking at each other

finding the rhythms

Attunning to each other

 

 

6

The whole class

follow the lead

use the whole space

find the motive

 7

Write about the experience as a group

What did you feel during the isolations warmup

your interaction with your partner

your relationship in dance with your group

you reaction to the whole group

 

 Activity 2

• Play random instruments until they harmonize as an ensemble and create a rhythm.
• 
  
• Gather in two groups: one plays and the other dances.
• 
  
• Write about the experience as players and dancers
• 
  
• Take turns; those who danced play and those who played danced
• 
  
• Write about the experience

Question 6

 

How would you use this activity with your clients?

------------------------------------ 

2

Imagine a scenario in which the have to apply what you have learned in class so far. Developed a therapy session for patients with an inability to sense their own personality or identity. 

 

Question 7

 

Create a scenario in which, you, as the dance/movement therapist, apply the concept of rhythm in your session. Post a brief explanation of your imagined therapy session on Discussion Board. 

 

VII

Journaling

 

VIII

Glossary

 

IX

Sources

Collins, Rachel.  Foundations of Dance Movement Therapy

://rachaelcollins.weebly.com/uploads/1/9/5/8/19584309/rachael_collins-_foudations_of_dmt_final_paper.pdf

Sakson-Obada, O. et al (2016). Body Image and Body Experience Disturbances in Schizophrenia: an Attempt to Introduce the Concept of Body Self as a Conceptual Framework. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5845076/

 

X

Students' Work 

Will, Julio, Camila

We noticed that at first, we were using the time alone to loosen up and get used to the exercise. Once we got into our couples groups we were a little less tense and could see energy rising. In the end, when we were in our larger groups and then as a class as a whole, energy was at a high, we were all having fun together, and we found it easier to follow and mirror each other. The music was also definitely the best at the end and allowed us to vibe so much more.

Carly, Ally, Paola, Maddy Q

This exercise made me feel comfortable being uncomfortable. At first working alone was a little awkward, however once the music started and we joined together with groups it was easier to let go and feel free. 

Lin, John. Tom, and Max

The exercise helped us feel free and energetic by the end. But at the start, we felt awkward and insecure as an individual. With the partner, we felt more comfortable but also had to learn to trust our partner. There was unity at the end when we were in a group and the energy in the room continued to grow.

 

Maddi Pohl, Haleigh Hockenberry, Kamiell Leggitt, Jack Marino

The individual exercise was more of a stretch where we became one with ourselves. The individual part allowed us to become comfortable with ourselves. Once we joined as a group we were able to mirror each other and connect on that level. We were able to reach a flow within the group where the person that was leading the moves would rotate. 

Ali, Abbie, Natalie, Kitty, Elsie

Working as a group we allowed our creativity to flourish and build on one another's as we began to get more comfortable and began enjoying the process and having fun with it.

Meghan, Katy, Olivia

We felt as if we loosened up through out the process, the tension slowly went away. We felt more comfortable with eachother and with doing the movements. It was also easier to come up with movements when there was music playing.